The Murder of Miren of Rawanduz!
After the Ottomans suffered their defeat in 1683, they began to gradually withdraw from the eastern borders and instead tried to control the Kurds
In 1830, they established a military base in Kurdistan, something that would trigger several uprisings that continued well into the late 1800s.
One of the most prominent freedom fighters in this struggle was Muhammad Pasha, known as Miren of Rawanduz.He assembled an army of 30,000 men, built his own workshops to make daggers, cannons and rifles, and financed the fight with his own funds. In 1826, he declared Kurdistan's independence and quickly reached great successes
Muhammad Pasha also made alliances - including with the son of Egypt's Khediv, who was in conflict with the Ottomans - in order to jointly defeat the Ottoman Empire.
When the Sultan of Istanbul learned of this, he sent a large army to stop the Miren. Aware that a direct blow would be difficult, the sultan instead tried to attract Muhammad Pasha
By persuading the religious leader Mulla Khati - who considered that war against the caliph was a grave sin - Muhammad Pasha gave up and traveled to Istanbul.
But when he returned, he was imprisoned by the Turks and taken to Trabzon. There he was brutally murdered - a clear example of how the Ottoman Empire crushed Kurdish aspirations for freedom
Source: Dr. Abdulrahman Ghassemlou, Kurdistan and the Kurds
- Muhammad Pasha of Rawanduz was responsible for massacres of the Yazidis.
In 1832, thousands of Yazidis were killed in the Shekhan area by Muhammad Pasha of Rawanduz in cooperation with the Kurdish Botan prince Bedir Khan Beg
